Kubaka Indege Zoroheje: Uburyo Gusudira mu Gihe cy'Indege Bikurikiza Amabwiriza y'Indege

Uko umusaruro w’indege zoroheje wagendaga wiyongera, ukagera ku musaruro w’indege zisaga 5.000 buri mwaka ndetse n’amafaranga y’indege zikoresha amashanyarazi ziguruka no kugwa (eVTOL) arenga miliyari 10 z’amadolari y’Amerika, byagaragaje ko inganda z’indege zari zigiye kwinjira mu gihe cy’impinduramatwara. Ipaki y’amabati ni yo shingiro ry’iri hinduka, kandi umutekano, uburemere n’ubwizigirwa byayo bizagena neza niba indege zizaza mu gisekuru gitaha. Gusudira ahantu hasanzwe bikoreshwa cyane, ariko ntibishobora kuzuza ibisabwa cyane n’inganda z’indege zigezweho ubu. Ariko ikoranabuhanga ryo gusudira transistor rihindura ubu buryo bushya.

Bateri zo mu bwoko bwa bateri zo mu ndege zifite ibisabwa byinshi byo gusudira kugira ngo zigire ubuziranenge. Ibyuma bitandatu bya aluminiyumu (bikoreshwa mu kugabanya uburemere), icyuma gitwikiriwe na nikeli (bikoreshwa mu kunoza ubudahangarwa bw'ingufu) n'ibikoresho by'umuringa na aluminiyumu ni byo byiganjemo. Ariko, ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gusudira ahantu hatagaragara ntibishobora kuzuza ibisabwa n'ibikoresho byavuzwe haruguru. Ingufu zo gusudira zitangana zoroshye gutera imiyoboro. Nyuma yo gusudira, ibisubizo by'igenzura rya X-ray bigaragaza ko kugeza kuri 30% by'ibikoresho byo gusudira nta byangombwa bifite. Agace kayo gafite ubushyuhe (HAZ) karenze urugero ntarengwa rwa mm 0.2, byangiza imiterere ya shimi ya bateri kandi bikihutisha kwangirika kwa bateri. Ikirutaho, ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gusudira ahantu hatagaragara nta buryo bwo gukurikirana igipimo cy'umuvuduko wo gusudira mu gihe nyacyo, bigatuma amakuru yo gukurikirana inzira n'ayo gusudira abura. Kandigusudira transistorsIbikoresho bikemura burundu ububabare binyuze mu gukurikirana no kwandika amakuru y'umuvuduko wa buri gice cy'umushoferi mu gihe nyacyo.

Styler Electronic'imashini yo gusudira transistorsIkemura ibi bibazo by'ububabare binyuze mu kugenzura microsecond no guhanga udushya mu gusudira neza. Inverter yayo ya 20k Hz–200kHz ifite frequency yo hejuru ishobora gukora imiterere y'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi (DC, pulse cyangwa ramp), bityo ikaba ifite imiterere yo gusudira ya 0.05mm. Ibi bishobora kongera imiterere y'ipaki ya bateri, ibi bikaba ari ingenzi cyane ku mutekano w'indege.

Ingufu zo gusudira za transistor zikoresha IGBT n'izindi transistors zikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi, zishobora gutanga umuvuduko uhamye cyane, kandi zikishingikiriza ku ikoranabuhanga rya inverter rifite umuvuduko mwinshi (nka 20kHz) kugira ngo zigenzure neza uburyo umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi uhinduka. Ishingiro ryazo riri mu gukumira burundu inenge zo gusudira binyuze mu buryo bwuzuye bwa "umuvuduko uzamuka buhoro buhoro - umuvuduko umanuka buhoro buhoro". Muri icyo gihe, microprocessor yubatswe muri uwo muvuduko w'amashanyarazi ikurikirana umuvuduko n'amashanyarazi mu gihe nyacyo kuri microsecond frequency, kandi umuvuduko wo gusudira uba "ufunze" ku gaciro kashyizweho binyuze mu guhindura imiterere ya switch ya IGBT. Ishobora kurwanya neza imivurungano iterwa n'impinduka mu mikorere yo gusudira, cyane cyane kwirinda gushyuha cyane guterwa n'impinduka mu buryo butunguranye y'umuvuduko, no kwemeza ko ubushyuhe buhamye cyane.

Inyigo igaragaza ibyiza byayo. Ihuriro ry'icyuma cya Al-Ni rifite ubugari bwa mm 0.3 rigera kuri 85% by'imbaraga z'icyuma cy'ibanze hakurikijwe ASTM E8, kandi rishobora kwihanganira guhindagura gukabije. Ingufu zaryo zikoreshwa neza zigera kuri 92%. Ugereranyije n'imashini zisanzwe zo gusudira, ikoreshwa ry'ingufu rigabanukaho 40%, kandi buri murongo uciriritse w'umusaruro ushobora kuzigama amadolari 12.000 buri mwaka. DO-160G yujuje ibisabwa ishobora kongera umuvuduko w'icyemezo ho 30% kandi ishyigikiwe n'icyemezo cya tekiniki cya EASA.

Ku bakora ibikoresho by'umwimerere by'indege, abakora bateri na laboratwari z'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere, Styler'simashini yo gusudira transistorsBirenze ubushobozi bw'ibikoresho byo gusudira. Nk'ingabo yo kubahiriza amategeko, bihindura inzitizi zigenga mo inyungu zo guhatana. Buri gusudira iba ahantu hashobora gukurikiranwa kandi haboneka amakuru yoroshye, akurikije amahame ya ISO3834 na RTCA DO-160.

Gusudira neza ntabwo bikiri amahitamo, ahubwo ni umusingi ufite ihinduka ry'indege ziguruka n'izigwa mu kirere (eVTOL) zikoresha amashanyarazi kuva ku ndege y'ubwoko bwa prototype zijya ku yindi. Styler irasaba abakora indege kwibonera uburyo bwo gukoresha milimetero mu buryo bunoze binyuze mu kwerekana imbonankubone. Menya uburyo ikoranabuhanga ryacu ryo gusudira bateri rihindura ibyago bikaba ubuziranenge. Twandikire kugira ngo ubone ibisobanuro birambuye kandi wongere usobanure amahame yawe yo gusudira mu ndege, kugira ngo buri gusudira bivukire kugira ngo biguruke mu kirere cy'ubururu.

("Urubuga") ni urw'amakuru rusange gusa. Amakuru yose kuri uru rubuga atangwa mu buryo bwiza, ariko, nta garanti dutanga, yaba isobanutse cyangwa idasobanutse, yerekeye ukuri, ubuziranenge, ukuri, ukwizerwa, kuboneka cyangwa ubusesuye bw'amakuru ayo ari kuri uru rubuga. NTA GIHE N'IKI GIHE TUZAGIRAHO URUBANZA RWAWE KU GIHOMBO CYANGWA IKINTU CYOSE CYANGIRIYE UBWOKO BWABEREYEHO KUBERA IKORESHWA RY'URUBUGA CYANGWA KWISHYIRAHO AMAKURU YOSE YATANZWE KURI URU RUBUGA. IKORESHWA RYAWE RY'URUBUGA N'IKURESHWA RYAWE KU MAKURU YOSE KURI URU RUBUGA BIRAKUGIRIYE AKAGA GUSA.

(Ifoto:pixabaylmages)